GET /esearch.fcgi

nih.gov:ncbi-nucleotide-api

Summary: Search nucleotide database
Operation ID: searchNucleotide
Auth: unknown
Description

Search the NCBI Nucleotide database (nuccore) and retrieve a list of matching UIDs. Supports history server for storing search results.

Parameters (15)

api_key (string, query, optional)

NCBI API key for increased rate limits (10 requests/sec vs 3).

datetype (string, query, optional)

Date field to filter: modification (mdat), publication (pdat), or Entrez (edat).

Constraints: {'enum': ['mdat', 'pdat', 'edat']}

db (string, query, required)

Database to search. Use 'nuccore' for nucleotide database.

Constraints: {'enum': ['nuccore']}

field (string, query, optional)

Specific field to search (e.g., 'Accession', 'Organism', 'Title').

idtype (string, query, optional)

Type of identifier to return.

maxdate (string, query, optional)

End date for date range filter (format: YYYY/MM/DD, YYYY/MM, or YYYY).

mindate (string, query, optional)

Start date for date range filter (format: YYYY/MM/DD, YYYY/MM, or YYYY).

reldate (integer, query, optional)

Return only records modified/created within N days of current date.

retmax (integer, query, optional)

Maximum number of UIDs to return (default 20, max 10,000).

Constraints: {'minimum': 1, 'maximum': 10000}

retmode (string, query, optional, default: xml)

Return format for results.

Constraints: {'enum': ['xml', 'json']}

retstart (integer, query, optional)

Index of first UID to return (for pagination).

Constraints: {'minimum': 0}

rettype (string, query, optional)

Type of output. 'uilist' returns list of UIDs, 'count' returns only the count.

Constraints: {'enum': ['uilist', 'count']}

sort (string, query, optional)

Sort order for results (e.g., 'relevance', 'Accession').

term (string, query, required)

Search term or query using Entrez query syntax. Supports accession numbers, gene names, organism names, etc.

usehistory (string, query, optional)

If 'y', store results on server and return WebEnv and query_key for subsequent calls.

Constraints: {'enum': ['y']}

Examples (3)

TitleTypeURLAction
Basic nucleotide search for BRCA1 gene curl https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/esearch.fcgi?db=nuccore&term=BRCA1%5BGene%5D+AND+Homo+sapiens%5BOrganism%5D&retmax=10&retmode=json
Search with pagination and count return curl https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/esearch.fcgi?db=nuccore&term=COVID-19&rettype=count&retmode=json
Date-filtered search with history server curl https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/esearch.fcgi?db=nuccore&term=SARS-CoV-2&datetype=pdat&mindate=2023%2F01%2F01&maxdate=2023%2F12%2F31&retmax=100&usehistory=y&retmode=json

Probe History

Latency

Status Codes

TimeStatusLatencySize
2026-03-23 10:13:23.451696 200 951ms
2026-03-23 09:43:54.500335 200 911ms
2026-03-23 09:38:23.863484 200 1062ms

Response Changes

WhenOldNew
2026-03-23 09:43:54.500335 e304edcd0808 fa34f328bf66
2026-03-23 10:13:23.451696 fa34f328bf66 d95255cbe29c